Kwakabva Mutambo Wepakati-Matsutso: Rwendo Nenguva Netsika

Mutambo weMid-Autumn, unozivikanwawo seMutambo weMwedzi kana Mutambo weMooncake, nderimwe remazororo akakosha uye anopembererwa zvakanyanya mutsika zhinji dzeEast Asia. Mutambo uyu, unowira pazuva rechigumi neshanu remwedzi wechisere wekarenda yemwedzi, inguva yekusanganazve kwemhuri, kutarisa kwemwedzi, uye kunakidzwa nemamocake anonaka. Asi kunze kwemitambo yemazuva ano kune nhoroondo yakapfuma yenhoroondo, ngano, uye kukosha kwetsika zvakatangira zviuru zvemakore. Ichi chinyorwa chinoongorora kwakabva Mutambo weMid-Autumn, uchiongorora midzi yawo yenhoroondo, ngano dzengano, uye shanduko yetsika netsika dzayo.

Nhoroondo Midzi

Mutambo weMid-Autumn une mabviro awo kuChina yekare, nenhoroondo yawo inodzokera kumashure anopfuura makore 3,000 kusvika kuShang Dynasty (1600-1046 BCE). Pakutanga, yakanga iri nguva yokunamata mwedzi nokupemberera kukohwa. MaChina ekare aitenda kuti mwedzi wakanga wakajeka zvikuru uye wakatenderera pazuva iri, uchifananidzira kubatana uye kukwana. Kutenda uku kwakanga kwakanyatsobatana nemabasa okurima, sezvo mutambo wacho wairatidza kuguma kwekukohwa kwematsutso apo varimi vaiungana kuti vaonge zvirimwa zvakawanda.

Munguva yeZhou Dynasty (1046-256 BCE), mutambo wakawedzera kurongeka, uine tsika dzakadzama uye mhemberero dzakatsaurirwa kumwedzi. Mambo aizopa zvibayiro kumwedzi, achinyengeterera goho rakanaka uye kubudirira kworudzi. Uyu muitiro wokunamata mwedzi wakaramba uchishanduka-shanduka mumazana emakore, uchiwedzera kudzika midzi mutsika nenzanga yechiChina.

Ngano Ngano

Mutambo weMid-Autumn wakanyura mungano, uine ngano dzinoverengeka dzinobatsira kuhupfumi hwayo hwetsika. Pakati peanonyanya kuzivikanwa ingano yaChang'e, mwarikadzi weMwedzi.

Nhoroondo yeChang'e

Maererano nengano, kwaimbova nemazuva gumi mudenga, achipisa pasi uye achikonzera kutambura kukuru. Mupfuri ane gamba anonzi Hou Yi akapfura pasi mapfumbamwe ezuva, achisiya rimwe chete kuti ripe chiedza nekudziya. Semubairo wekushinga kwake, Hou Yi akapihwa elixir yekusafa. Zvakadaro, haana kuda kusiya mudzimai wake waaida, Chang'e, saka akaronzesa mushonga uyu kwaari kuti achengetwe.

Rimwe zuva, Hou Yi paakanga asipo, mumwe murume akaipa anonzi Feng Meng akaedza kuba iyo elixir. Kuti adzivise kuwira mumaoko asiri iwo, Chang'e akanwa elixir pachake uye akakwira kumwedzi, kwaakazova mwarikadzi weMwedzi. Akarwadziwa moyo, Hou Yi aitarisa mwedzi manheru ega ega, achitarisira kuona mudzimai wake. Iyi ngano inobaya mwoyo yerudo uye kuzvipira inorangarirwa panguva yeMid-Autumn Mutambo, nevanhu vachipa mooncake uye zvimwe zvinobata Chang'e mukukudzwa kwake.

The Jade Rabbit

Imwe ngano yakakurumbira yakabatana neMid-Autumn Mutambo ndeye Jade Rabbit. Maererano nengano iyi, vanhu vatatu vasingafi vakazviita vapemhi vakaenda kune tsuro, gava, netsoko, vachikumbira zvokudya. Nepo gava netsoko zvaipa zvavaikwanisa, tsuro, isina chayaigona kupa, yakasvetukira mumoto kuti iite chibayiro. Vabatwa nekusazvida kwetsuro, vasingafi vakaimutsa ndokuitumira kumwedzi, uko yakava Jade Tsuro, shamwari yaChang'e. Iyo Jade Rabbit inowanzofananidzirwa kurova miriwo nedhaka uye pestle, chiratidzo chebasa rayo risingaperi.

Evolution yeTsika neTsika

Kwemazana emakore, Mutambo weMid-Autumn wakashanduka, uchibatanidza tsika dzakasiyana-siyana uye tsika dzinoratidza kusiyana kwetsika dzematunhu uko kunopembererwa. Kunyange zvazvo kunamata mwedzi nokupemberera kukohwa zvichiramba zviri nyaya huru, mutambo wacho wavawo nguva yokuonanazve kwemhuri, kuita mabiko, uye kuzvivaraidza kwakasiyana-siyana.

Mooncakes

Chimwe chezviratidzo zvinonyanya kukosha zveMid-Autumn Festival ndiyo mooncake. Aya mapake akatenderedza, anowanzozadzwa nezvinotapira kana zvinonaka, anowanzo kugoverwa pakati pemhuri neshamwari sechiratidzo chekubatana uye kukwana. Tsika yekudya mamooncake yakatanga kubva kuYuan Dynasty (1271-1368 CE), apo yaishandiswa kutaura mashoko epachivande panguva yokupandukira utongi hweMongolia. Nhasi, mooncake dzinouya mumhando dzakasiyana siyana uye masitaera, zvichiratidza zvido zvedunhu uye hunyanzvi hwekubika.

Mwenje

Mwenje chimwe chinhu chakakosha cheMid-Autumn Festival. Kare vanhu vaibatidza marambi kuti vatungamire midzimu yemadzitateguru avo uye kuratidza tariro yeramangwana rakajeka. Nhasi, kuratidzwa kwemarambi nemapuranga zvakajairika, nevana vanowanzotakura marambi ane mavara akasiyana-siyana uye magadzirirwo. Mune mamwe matunhu, marambi edenga anoburitswa, achigadzira chitarisiko chinokatyamadza chemwenje inoyangarara ichitarisana nedenga rehusiku.

Mwedzi Kutarisa

Kutarisa kwemwedzi itsika inokosheswa panguva yeMid-Autumn Festival. Mhuri dzinoungana panze kuti dziyemure mwedzi wakazara, kazhinji uchiperekedzwa nenhetembo dzenhetembo, mimhanzi, uye kutaura nyaya. Tsika yekutarisa mwedzi yakadzika midzi muzvinyorwa zveChinese nehunyanzvi, nevadetembi vazhinji vane mukurumbira vanotora kurudziro kubva murunako nezviratidzo zvemwedzi.

Kusiyana Kwenharaunda

Nepo zvakakosha zveMutambo weMid-Autumn zvakagovaniswa mhiri kweEast Asia, misiyano yedunhu inowedzera kunakidza kwakasiyana kumhemberero. MuVietnam, semuenzaniso, mutambo uyu unozivikanwa seTết Trung Thu uye unonyanya kutariswa pavana, nemarambi akajeka uye kutamba kweshumba. MuKorea, mutambo uyu unonzi Chuseok uye unocherechedzwa nemitambo yemadzitateguru, mitambo yechinyakare, uye kugadzirwa kwezvikafu zvakakosha senge songpyeon (keke remupunga).

Mhemberero dzemazuva ano

Munguva dzazvino, Mutambo weMid-Autumn unoramba uri mhemberero ine gwinyiro uye ine musoro, inosanganisa tsika dzechinyakare nemanzwiro emazuva ano. Pamusoro petsika dzechinyakare, nzira itsva dzevaraidzo nezviitiko zvabuda, zvakaita semusangano wekugadzira mooncake, mitambo yetsika, uye zviitiko zvenharaunda. Mutambo uyu waitawo mukurumbira pasi rose, paine mhemberero dziri kuitika munyika dzakasiyana siyana dzine nharaunda dzeEast Asia dzakakosha.

Mutambo weMid-Autumn unoshanda sechiyeuchidzo chekukosha kusingagumi kwemhuri, nharaunda, uye nhaka yetsika. Inguva yekufungisisa zvakaitika kare, kupemberera zvazvino, uye kutarisira ramangwana netariro nekutenda. Kungava kupfurikidza nokugoverana kwemakeke emwedzi, kuvheneka mwenje, kana kuti chiito chakapfava chokutarira mwedzi, mutambo wacho unobatanidza vanhu pamwe chete mumudzimu wokubatana nomufaro.

Mhedziso

Mutambo weMid-Autumn chiratidzo chehupfumi hwenhaka yetsika uye tsika dzinogara dzeEast Asia. Mavambo aro, akanyura munhoroondo nengano, anopa tarisiro inofadza yetsika nezvitendero zvevanhu vekare. Sezvo mutambo urikuenderera mberi, unoramba uri chiitiko chinokosheswa chekusanganazve kwemhuri, kutaura kwetsika, uye kupemberera kwevanhu. Nekunzwisisa mabviro uye kukosha kweMutambo weMid-Autumn, tinogona kukoshesa kudzika uye kunaka kwetsika iyi isingaperi, uye nzira dzainoenderera nadzo kuunza vanhu pamwechete muzvizvarwa netsika.